One way to go about universal basic income is to pair it with a consumption tax. This could be in the form of a value-added tax as all OECD nations but us already use, or in the form of a tiny transaction tax on all electronic payments like how Visa/MC work. I consider this as another layer for UBI. https://scottsantens.substack.com/p/fund-universal-basic-income-consumption-tax-vat